Sleeping-car.



` l PATBNTED NOV. 13. 1906. D. S. MOEWING.

SLEEPING CAR.

APPLIQATION FILED Nov. 9. 1905.

' 5 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

1HE 'NoRRls Pzrans co.. wAsmNmoN, n. c,

PATBNTED NOV. 13, 1906.

D. s. MOBWING.

SLEEPING GAR. APPLICATION FILED NOV. '8, 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

smNmaN u c No. 835,799. Y PATENTED Nov. 13, 1906.

D. s. MOBWING. A SLEEPING CAR.'

APBLIUATION FILED NOV. 8. 1905.

` 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

IM 3 O1 0A fl @QU/4%@ f -wcwam No. 835,799. PATENTED Nov. 1s, 1906.

D. s. MUEWING.

SLEEPING GAR. APPLIUATION FILED Nov. s. i905.

IZ 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

No. 835,799. PATENTED NOV. 13, 1906.

D. S. MGEWING.

SLEEPING GAR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 8. 1905.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

@u www@ 1 q fw@ UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SLEEPING-CAR.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 13,1906.

Application filed November 8, 1905. seriaiN'o. 286,367.

T0 all whom, it 1v1/ty concern:

Be it known that I, DUNCAN S. MoEwING, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in SleepingeCars 5 and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a partof-this specification.

This invention relates to sleeping-cars; and it includes improvements inconvertible chairs and berths and in means for forming compartments inthe car within which the berths are contained when adjusted for use.

i The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, andpointed out in the appended claims.

The convertible chairs and berths employed in carrying out my inventionhave extensible seats and hinged back-sections adapted to be placedeither in a vertical position or rearwardly inclined. The chairs arearranged in the car in two parallel rows, the chairs in the two rowsbeing opposite each other and each pair of opposite chairs being adaptedto form a lower berth. Each chair is pivotally sup orted, so as to swingon a vertical axis. T e pivots ofthe chairs at one side of the car areso arranged that when the chairs are swung into position to bring theseats thereof transverse to the car one end of the seat will standparallel with and adjacent to the side wall of the car and when thechairs are turned to bring the seat portions thereof longitudinally ofthe car with the front edges of said seats facing the opposite sides ofthe car a side aisle will be formed between the back of the seat and theadjacent wall of the car. The chairs on the opposite side of the carhave sliding connection with their pivotal supports and are so arrangedthat when the chairs are swung into position to bring the seats thereoftransversely of the car with their ends parallel with and adjacent tothe side wall of the car the said chairs may be shifted to bring theirpivots beneath the rear parts or backs of the seats and when the chairsare turned to bring their backs parallel with the side wall of the carthey may be shifted to bring the pivots thereof adjacent to the frontedges of their seats and the backs thereof'adjacent to the side wall ofthe car. It follows from the arrangement described that when the chairsare in use in the day-time as seats they will stand transversely of thecar along the sides of the same, thereby forming a central aisle, andwhen the chairs are swung on their pivots so as to face each other andthose at one side of the car shifted outwardly toward ythe adjacent sidewall of the car an aisle extending along one of the side walls of thecar will be formed. The opposite chairs constituting each pair are,moreover, so arranged lthat when the seats thereof face each other andthe extensible seat portions of the two chairs extended the parts orsections constituting the cushioned backs of the seats may be foldeddown to a horizontal position and rest upon the extended seats to formlower berths.

In connection with the lower berth formed by chairs arranged asdescribed upper berths are formed by means of berth-sections ivotallysupported in the upper part of t e car and adapted to form a series ofupper berths located over the lower berth formed by said chairs.

My invention may be more readily understood by reference to theaccompanying drawings, in which-f- Figure l is a plan view of a part ofa railway-car, showing four chairs arranged side by side and made up toform two berths and two other chairs in condition for use as seats. Fig.2 is a longitudinal section of the car, taken on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is a crosssection of the car, taken on line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4is a like crosssection of the car, taken upon line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5is a detailfplan section showing the seat-frame of one o the seats thathas' sliding movement relatively to its pivotal support. Fig. 6 is adetail section taken upon line 6 6 of Fig. 5.` Fig. 7 is a plan sectiontaken upon line 7 7 of Fig. 3. is a detail section taken upon line 8 8of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing one of the chairs with itsseat portion extended and back-section folded down to form one-half orend of a lower berth. Fig. 10 is a sectional view of the seat shown inFig. 9 with parts in position to form a chair. Fig. 11 is a detailsection taken upon the vertical plane indicated byline 11 11 of Fig. 10.Fig. 12- is a IOO horizontal detail plan section taken upon line 1212 ofFig. 10.

As shown in the drawings, A indicates the car-Hoor A A', the side wallsof the car A2, the turret-roof; A3 A3, the side walls of the turret, andA4 the lateral portions of the car-roof,

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which connect the upper margins of the side walls A A with the sidewalls A3 A3 of the turret.

Now, referring to the construction of the chairs, all of said chairsembrace in common general features of construction as follows: The frameof the chair-seats consists principally of horizontal end pieces B B,rear standards B and front standards B2,` and front and rearlongitudinal pieces or rails B3 B4. The rear and front standards B B2are extended below the seat-frame to constitute legs for' the chair andare extended above said seat-frame and have attached to their upper endhorizontal bars B5, constituting a support for the chair-arms. Mountedon the bars B5 are arm-rests B, which have endwise sliding movementthereon and which, as herein, shown, are made of U shape incross-section and fit over the upper margins of said bars B5. C Cindicate standards constituting pivotal supports for the chairs. Thestandards C support the frames of the chairs at the side of the car atwhich the aisle is formed and are attached directly to the bottoms ofthe seat-frames. Said standards C are, however, so connected with thecarfloor as to have slight extent of adjustment toward and from theadjacent side wall of the car for a purpose hereinafter set forth. Thestandards C', belonging to the chairs at the side of the car oppositethat at which the aisle is formed, have sliding connection at theirupper ends with the seat-frames, so that the chairs may be shifted onthe standards in a direction transversely of the chairseats. Saidstandards C have fixed connection with the car-floor and are located ata distance from the adjacent side of the car approximately equal toone-half of the length of the chair-seat. The standards C at the aisleside of the car are located approximately beneath the rear margins ofthe chairseats centrally between the ends of said seats and at adistance from the adjacent side wall of the car approximately equal toone-half of the length of theseats, as clearly indicated in dotted linesin Fig. 1, the result of this construction being that when the chairsare swung so as to bring the front and rear edges of their seatsparallel with the side walls of the car and with the front edges oftheir seats facing the opposite chairs a passage or aisle will be formedbetween the backs of the seats and the adjacent side walls of the car,as

clearly seen in Fig. 1, but when the chairs arev swung to bringthe'front and rear edges of their seats transverse to the side walls ofthe car the ends of the seats will come against the said adjacent sidewall, as also shown in Fig. 1. The sliding connection between thestandards C and the chairs are so arranged that when the chairs are inuse for seats in the day-time and are turned to bring their seatstransverse to the car such standards will be beneath the rear margins ofthe seats; but when the chairs are turned to bring the front and rearedges of their seats parallel with the side walls of the car and theseatframes are shifted on the standards to bring the backs of the chairsagainst the adjacent side wall of the car said standards will be nearlybeneath the front margins of the chaireseat, as also shown in Fig. 1.

The sliding connection between the standards C and the chair-seat framesis, as shown in the drawings and illustrated in Figs. 5, 6, 9, and 10,constructed as follows: rlhe seatframes are provided withcentrally-arranged transverse members b b, extending between the frontand rear rails B3 B4, and between said bars l) l) is formed alongitudinal slot b', at one end of which is formed a circular openingb2. Each standard C is hollow or tubular and has a base-flange whichrests upon the top of the car-floor and at its upper end a horizontalflange which forms a support on which the bars b b rest. Within thehollow standard C is an upright spindle C2, the upper end of whichextends above the top surface of the standard through the slot b oropening b2. At the top of the spindle C2 is secured a horizontal platec, which bears against the top surfaces of the bars b b. The upper endof the spindle C2 is fiattened and made of suitable width to passthrough the slot b when the seat is turned on the standard so as tobring the sides of the slot parallel with the said flattened upper endof the spindle. When, however, the chair-frame is shifted forward on thestandard so that the latter is beneath the rear part of the seat and theupper part of the spindle passes through the o eningbz, the seat-framemay be turned on t e spindle, the said o ening b2 being large enough topermit the attened upper end of the spindle to rotate within the saine.The flattened sides of the upper end of the spindle C2 are arrangedtransversely with respect to the side walls of the car, so that when theseat-frame is swung into its transverse or day-time position said upperend of the spindle will be locked in the opening b2 and the seat-framecannot then be shifted on the standard. hen, however, the seat-frame isswung so as to bring its front and rear inargins parallel with the sidewalls of the car, then said seat-frame maybe slid or moved laterally onthe standard toward the side walls of the car, the flattened upper endof the spindle C2 at this time sliding through the slot li and standingin the forward end of said slot when the back of the chair is inposition adjacent to the side walls of the car, and the chair is inreadiness for making up the lower berth, as clearly seen in Fig. 1.

As hereinbefore stated, the seat-supporting standards C are rigidlyattached to the seat-frame; but said standards are so connected with thecar-floor that the seat-frames lOO IIO

are shifted inwardly when swung from their ing bearing-stud C4, whichhas bearing in av bearing-sleeve C5, attached to the car-floor by meansof a horizontal plate c at its upper end. The seat-standard C isattached to the disk C3 eccentrically thereto or at a point distant fromits bearing-stud C4, so that when the seat is turned or rotated itswings on the pivot-stud C4 of the disk C3, with the result that thechair is bodily shifted a distance equal to the eccentricity of thestandard when the chair is turned from its day-time position intoposition for making up the lower berth. The purpose of this inwardshifting of the chair is to give a wide space between its back and theadjacent side wall of the car, thereby affording an aisle wider than thedistance between the pivot on which it turns and the adjacent side wallsof the car, or, in

other words, materially wider than one-half the length of thechair-seat.

shown, of a length sufficient to seat'two persons, so that when inposition for use in the:` day-time two persons may occupy each chair andthe two chairs at the opposite sides ofthe car when arranged to form alower berth will afford a double berth, or one wide enough for` Thegeneral features of con struction set forth may, however, be ern-4ployed where the chairs are only wide enough' two persons.

to seat one person; but in such case the berth will be narrow or wideenough for one persony only.

The seat portion of the chair is made eX- tensible by the employment oftwo bed-bottom sections adapted to be folded one upon ,the other to forma seat in the day-time and to be unfolded and brought to the samehorizontal plane to form part of a lower berth,'

.their adjacent margins by hinges b5. These parts are so arranged that,the upper frame B7 may be folded forwardly over the lower frame Bs tothe position shown in Fig. 10, and when both of said bed-bottom sectionsare slid forwardly in or on the seat-frame the upper section may beswung rearwardly on the hinges b5 and allowed to rest on the seatsframe,the two sections being thus brought into the same plane, as seen in Fig.9. The upper bed-bottom section B7 is shown as provided with a suitableupholstering, as indicated .by t, to form the chair-seat. B oth of saidbedbottom sections are provided with coiled springs for supporting amattress, as indicated by t7 bg, the springs 127 serving also to supportthe upholstered seat-bottom be. The lower bed-bottom section B8 isprovided at the front margin of its frame with two depending rigid legsB9 B, adapted to rest upon the car-floor and to support the forwardmargins of said lower bed-bottom section when both sections are drawnoutwardly, yas clearly seen in Fig. 9.

The chair-back is pivotally connected at its lower end with theseat-frame, and said chair-back consists of two side pieces D D, top andbottom horizontal cross-pieces D D2, and a rear wall d. In the case ofthe chairs nearest the aisle the backs have a thin inner rear wall d,separated from the back wall d by a space in which is arranged to slidea thin partition-section E. To the lower corners of the chair-back frameare attached two depending rigid arms D3, which are connected l with therear legs B of the chair-frame by The chair-seats will usually be made,as

pivots D4. Said arms D3 are extended downwardly beyond said pivots andprovided with a detent d2, arranged to engage the notches Y of notchedsegments D5, which are rigidly at-V tached to the chair-frame. Thechair-back thus pivoted to the chair-frame may be placed in a verticalposition, which is the position occupied when the berths are made up forsleeping purposes, or it may be placed in an inclined position, itsinclination depending on the position in which it is held by engagementof the detents d2 d2 with the notches of the segments D5 D5.

F is a mattress-section which is hinged by pivots f f to the lower partsof the side framepieces D D of the chair-back frame and adapted to befolded against said frame to constitute a cushioned seat-back for thechair or to be folded downwardly into a horizontal position over the-bed-bottom sections B7 B8 when the latter are extended to constitutepart of the lower berth. Said mattress-section consists of an openrectangular frame, the interior space of which is filled by a cushionwhich when the mattress-section is folded upwardly forms the chair-seatback, and when the mattress-section is folded downwardly into itshorizontal position over the bed-bottom sections B7 and B8 constitutesonehhalf of a mattress for the lower berth, said cushion being sustainedon the elastic support afforded by the springs t7 t8 in the saidbed-bottom sections.

The arm-rests B6 are pivotally connected at-their rear ends with theback-frame of the chair, so that said arm-rests will slide backwardlyand forwardly with saidback-frame when the inclination of the latter ischanged. The top rails B5 of the armsare shown, Fig. i

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10, as provided with notches b to receive a pin bw in the arm-rest, thesaid notches being spaced to correspond with the notches of the notchedsegments D5, so that the locking of the arm-rests to the seat-arms willaid in holding the seat-back rigidly in any position to which it may beadjusted.

The laterally-sliding partition-sections E are employed in connectionwith the chairs adjacent to the side aisle only and are adapted to beslid laterally outwardly from their positions in the chair-backs whensaid chairbacks are vertical, so as to meet the chairbacks of adjacentberths, and thus form with the said chair-backs a continuous partitionseparating the several berth-sections from the longitudinal aisle of thecar, as clearly seen in Fig. l. Access may be had from the aisle to thespaces between the lower berths by sliding said partition-sections Fbackwardly into the seat-backs; but as a preferable construction thesaid sections are divided vertically into two parts, and the outer partsthereof are hinged to the inner parts by hinges, (shown at e e, Fig. 2,)these hinges being arranged to come outside of the edges of thechair-backs when the sections are drawn outwardly, so that the hingedouter parts of the sections may be swung on the inner p arts, andthereby form hinged doors by which access may be obtained to thesections. It will of course be understood that the slidingpartition-sections E are only as high as the seat-backs, so that saidsliding partition-sections, with the seat-backs, constitute partitionsdividing the lower parts of the berthsections from the aisle, separatemeans being provided for forming the upper parts of said longitudinalpartitions, as hereinafter set forth.

Now referring to the construction by which is provided upper berths forthe car, such upper berths are located severally over the lower berthsformed by the chairs at the opposite sides of the car, and each berthembraces features of construction as follows: At the side of the car atwhich the aisleis formed when the lower berths are made up is located anupper-berth section II of the proper size to constitute one-half of theupper berth and the width of which in the direction of the length of thecar corresponds generally with the width of the seats of the chairsconstituting the lower berths. The upper-berth section I-I is pivoted tothe lower end of a swinging frame I, which latter is pivotally connectedat its upper end with the car-roof at a point below and adjacent to theside wall of the roof-turret, with its lower or free end arranged toswing outwardly against the side wall of the car, thereby bringing thesaid frame in the inclined position shown in Fig. 3, or downwardly untilthe frame is brought into a vertical position, as shown in Fig. 4.

The frame I consists of side and bottom frame members and a backconsisting of two walls i i2, between which is located a slidingpartition-section J. The back of the frame I when the said frame isswung downwardly, as shown in Fig. 4, constitutes an end wall for theupper berth, or, in other words, a partition between the upper part ofthe berth-section and the up er part of the side aisle of the car. Thesli ing partition-section J is adapted to be drawn laterally outwardwhen the frame I is in its vertical position, so as to form the upperpart of a partition for separating the space between the two upperberths from the side aisle of the car, said partition-section J beinglocated vertically over or in line with the like partition-section E ofthe lower berth. Said partition-section J is preferably made in twovertically-divided sections hinged to each other by hinges y' j, Fig. 2,as in the case of the partitionsection E, and adapted to form a swingingdoor when the section J is drawn out of its place in the frame I.

The swinging frame I is shown as pivoted to the car-roof by means ofpivot-pins i, inserted through the upper ends of the side pieces of theframe, while the berth-section H, which fits between the said sidepieces of the frame, is shown as pivoted to the latter by means ofpivot-pins 7L. Said berth-section is adapted to be folded upwardlybetween the side pieces of the frame I and suitable provisions made forlocking it in its folded position, as well as for locking the frame inits inclined position, as shown in Fig. 3. Said berth-section I-I standsin a horizontal position when folded downwardly, but when foldedupwardly or into the frame I and when said frame I is swung into itsinclined position and there locked the section I-I occupies the sameposition as the upper berth in an ordinary Pullman car, as heretoforeconstructed, and is out of the way of the occupants of the seat belowthe same. The said section II may be supported when in its lowered orhorizontal position by any suitable means, that herein shown consistingof two pivotally-connected links J J2, of which the link J is pivoted atits upper end to the inner faces of the side pieces of the frame I,while the link J2 is pivoted to the outer face of the berth-section IInear the outer end of the same, while the two links J J2 are connectedby a pivoted stud j', which has sliding engagement with a slot y2 in thelink J2. This constriction permits the two links J and J2 to be foldedinto the space between the side edges of the berth-section II and theside pieces of the frame I when the said berthsection is folded upwardlyinto the said frame. Said section I-I, as before stated, constitutesone-half of an upper berth, and the other half thereof is formed by afolding berth-section K, which is directly connected by a hinge 7c atits lower edge to the side wall ICO IIO

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of the car and is adapted to be folded upwardly, so as to bring itsupper edge adjacent to the car-roof below the side wall A3 of theturret, so that the said berth-section K will stand at the sameinclination and occupy the same position as the berth-section H when thelatter is likewise folded upwardly.

In order to afford an interlocking connection of the berth-sections Hand K with each other when in their lowered or horizontal positions forsupporting the section K on said section H, said parts are provided attheir meeting edges with interiitting hook-shaped locking-lugs hc, ofwhich that on the section H is directed upwardly and that on the sectionK is directed downwardly. Said locking-lugs serve also to hold the twosections together or prevent their en'dwise separation,

such as would occur by the swinging of the lower end of the frame Ioutwardly toward the adjacent side of the car.

For holding the two berth-sections H and K in alinement with each othersliding bars L are arranged at the sides of the berth-sections, saidbars being engaged with loops h2 h2 k2 k2 on the side faces of thesections H and K. Each locking-bar L is adapted to be' slid endwiseinwardly along the side edge of the section K and to engage a guide-loop7c3 when in its retracted position, the lockingba'r remaining on thesaid section K when the latter is folded upwardly.

Provision is made for locking the top of the seat-back of the chairadjacent to the aisle to the lower margin of the swinging frame I,consisting of two L-shaped lugs M M, which project above the top of theseat-back frame near the sides thereof, and like clips M M', located onthe lower margin of said frame I in position to interlock with the lugsM when the chair-back and the said frame I are in veri tical alinementwith each other, as shown in Fig. 4. The upper-berth section K is shownas provided at its lower or hinged margin with like locking-clips M2,adapted 'to engage locking-clips M3 on the upper edges of thechair-backs beneath said berth-sections.

To provide partitions vfor separating from each other the compartmentsor sections containing the upper and lower berths, I have shown in Figs.l, 2, 3, and 4 a construction as follows: N is a curtain which isadapted to be rolled upon a vertical roller N mounted on the side wallof the car at the side thereof opposite the aisle and in positionadjacent to the ends of the chair-seats when thechairs are faced towardeach other to form the lower berths. Said curtains are adapted to bedrawn outwardly toward the aisle side of the car and have at their outeredges vertical strips n, which are secured by hooks or other suitablefastening to the sides of the chairseat backs. The said curtain N ismade of sufficient height to reach from below the lower berth to thebottom of the upper berth,

and thereby constitutes a removable partition separating from each otherthe berthsections or spaces containing the lower berths.

For separating the upper berths from each other curtains 0, arrangedtransversely of the car and mounted on rollers O', which extendtransversely of the car between the side walls A3 of the car-turret, asseen in Fig. 3, are employed. Said curtains O are arranged in the sameplane with the curtains N and when drawn downwardly to bring their lowered ges in line with the lower berths constitute partitions separatingfrom each other the upper berth-sections at the central part of the car.At the side of the car remote from the side aisle spaces of irregularform are afforded by the curved lateral parts A4 of the carroof, and theouter parts of the berth-section K below the same, and these spaces areclosed by means of partition-sections P, consisting of thin boards,which are hinged to the side pieces of said berth-sections K by means ofhinges p p and are adapted to be folded upwardly into vertical positionwhen the said sections are lowered, so as to constitute partitionsextending from said berthsections upwardly to the curved lateral partsof the car-roof above the same. The upper margins of saidpartition-sections P are curved to conform to the curvature of saidlateral parts of the car-roof. The sections P, hinged to the upper-berthsection K, as described, may be folded downwardly -or inwardly upon thesaid berth-section, so that it will be out of the way when saidberth-section is folded upwardly into its closed position.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have shown a means for afford ing partitions betweenthe lower berths which may be used in place of the curtains Nyhereinbefore described. As shown in these figures, section which isconnected with the marginal frame of the mattress-section F at one sideof the same by hinges g g. Said hinges are so arranged that thepartition-sections G may be folded flat against the upper or inner faceof said mattress-section F, as indicated in Fig. l0, the said mattresssection being hinged or pivoted to the chair-back frame in such manneras to afford a'space between the mattress-section and the inner rearwall D of the back-frame wide enough to afford space for saidpartition-section G when the parts are folded to form a chair-back. Whenthe mattress-section Fis folded downwardly into its horizontal position,as shown in Fig. 9, said partition-section G may be folded upwareV lyinto a vertical position, so that it will extend along one side of themattress-section F. The two partition-sections G G on adjacent sides oftwo opposite chairs when the latter are arranged to form a bed or lowerberth constitute a partition separating said G is a thin and flatpartitiony IOC .pivotal supports, so that when said chairs are lowerberth from the berth-compartment next to it, the partition-sections Gbeing in height equal to the width of the lower berth and having theirupper margins when they are unfolded approximately in line with theupper margins of the chair-back frames and closely adjacent to the sidesof the upper berth sections when the latter are folded downwardly or arein their horizontal position.

l claim as my invention- A l. A sleeping-car provided withpivotallysupported chairs arranged in pairs at opposite sides of thecar, the chairs at one sise of the car having sliding connection withtheir pivotal supports, so that when the chairs are swung into aposition with their seat-backs transversely to the car, a center aislewill be formed between them, and when said chairs are swung in positionwith their seat-backs parallel with the sides of the car and the chairswhich have sliding connection with their pivots are shifted outwardlyagainst the adjacent side wall of the car, a single side aisle will beformed at the opposite side of the car, each pair of said chairs beingadapted to form a lower berth.

2. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with opposite pairs ofupper-berth sections, one section of each pair being pivotally connectedat its lower margin to the side wall of the car, and having its freeedge adapted to swing upwardly toward the car-roof, and the othersection of each pair being provided with a swinging supporting-framewhich is pivoted to the car-roof at its upper margin and at its lowermargin is pivoted to the outer margin of said berth-section.

3. A sleeping-car provided with pivotallysupported chairs arranged inpairs at opposite sides of the car, the chairs at one side of the carhaving sliding connection with their swung into a position with theirseat-backs transversely to the car, a center aisle will be formedbetween them, and when said chairs are swung in position with theirseat-backs parallel with the' sides of the car and the chairs which havesliding connection with their pivots are shifted outwardly against theadjacent side wall of the car, a single aisle will be formed at theopposite side of the car, said chairs being adapted to form` lowerberths, the pivots of the chairs at the aisle side of the car havingeccentric pivotal connection with the cardioor so that said pivots willbe shifted inwardly away from the adj acent side wall of the car whenthe chairs are turned to bring their seat-backs in positions parallel tothe sides of the car.

4. A sleeping-car provided with pivotallysupported chairs arranged inpairs at opposite sides of the car, the chairs at one side of the carhaving sliding connection with their pivotal supports, so that when thechairs are swung into a position with their seat-backs transversely tothe car, a center aisle will be formed between them, and when saidchairs are swung in position with their'seat-backs parallel with thesides of the car and the chairs which have sliding connection with theirpivots are shifted outwardly against the adjacent side wall of the car,a single aisle will be formed at the opposite side of the car, each pairof chairs being adapted to form a lower berth, said car having in itsupper part opposite pairs of upper-berth sections, one section of eachpair being pivotally eonnected at its lower margin to the side wall ofthe car, and having its free edge adapted to swing upwardly toward thecar-roof, and the other section of each pair being provided with aswinging frame which is pivoted to the carroof at its upper margin andat its lower margin is pivoted to the outer margin of saidberth-section.

5. A sleeping-car provided. with pivotallysupported chairs arranged inpairs at opposite sides of the car, the chairs at one side of the carhaving sliding connection with their pivotal supports, so that when thechairs are swung into a position with their seat-backs transversely tothe car, a center aisle will be formed between them and when said chairsare swung in position with their seat-backs parallel with the sides ofthe car and the chairs which have sliding connection with their pivotsare shifted outwardly against the adjacent side wall of the car, asingle aisle will be formed at the opposite side of the car, each pairof said chairs being adapted to form a lower berth, and the chairs beingprovided. with seat-backs pivotally connected with their seat-frames, sothat said seat-backs may be inclined rearwardly when the chairs are in.use as seats.

6. A sleeping-car provided with two pivotally-supported chairs arrangedat o posite sides of the center line of the car, an one of which hassliding connection with its pivotal support, said chairs being providedwith extensible seats adapted, when the chairs are faced toward eachother and the seats are extended, to form a lower berth, and havingseat-back frames which are pivoted at their lower ends to theseat-frame, and are adapted to be inclined rearwardly when the chairsare in use as seats.

7. A sleeping-car provided with two pivotally-supported chairs providedwith extensible seats adapted, when the chairs are faced toward eachother, to be extended to form a bed-bottom, and having seat-backcushion-sections, hinged to the seat-backs and adapted to be foldeddownwardly over the extended bed-bottom sections to form a mattress forthe berth.

8. A sleeping-car provided with two pivotally supported chairs arrangedopposite each other and adapted to form a berth when IOO IIO

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the chairs are faced toward each other, and said chairs havingseat-backs provided with laterally-sliding partition-sections adapted tobe drawn outward toward the seat-back of an adjacent chair to form apartition between the berth-section and a side aisle.

9. A sleeping-car chair provided with a seat-frame, with a back-framepivoted to the seat-frame, and with parts which are extensible to fornipart of a berth, said backframe beingI provided with a slidingpartition-section adapted to be drawn laterally from the bacleframe.

10. A sleeping-car chair, the back-frame of which is provided with alaterally-sliding partition consisting of two parts joined by a hingedconnection.

11. A sleeping-car chair embracing a seatfraine, two folding bed-bottomsections which rest on the seat-frame and which, when extended, forni abed-bottom section, a backframe and a cushion-section adapted to restagainst the back-frame to forni the seat-back and to be placed in ahorizontal position upon the bed-bottoni sections to forni a mattress.

12. A sleeping-car chair comprising a seatframe, two folding bed-bottomsections which when folded, form the chair-seahand when extended form abed-bottom sec-tion, a chairback frame pivoted to the seat-frame, and acushion-section hinged to the back-frame and adapted to be foldedupwardly against the back-frame to form a seat-back and t0 rest upon thebed-bottom section to forni a mattress.

13. A sleeping-car chair embracing a seatframe, two folding bed bottomsections which, when folded, .rest on the seat-frame to constitute thechair-seats which are adapted to be extended to form a bed-bottomsection, a chair-back frame and a cushion-section hinged to the lowerpart of the chair-back frame and having opposite cushioned sides; saidcushion-section constituting the seat` bac-li when it is folded upwardlyagainst the chair-back, and constituting a mattress-section when itrests on the bed-bottom section.

14. A sleeping-car chair embracing a seatfranie provided with side arms,a back-frame hinged to the seat-frame, and arm-rests mounted to slide onthe side arms and having pivotal connection at their rear ends with theback-frame.

15. A sleeping-car chair embracing a seatframe provided with side arms,a back-frame hinged to the seat-frame, arm-rests mounted to slide on theside arms, and having pivotal connection at their rear ends with theseatfranie, and means affording adjustable interlocking connectionbetween the said sliding arm-rests and the side arms of the chair.

16. A sleeping-car chair comprising a seatl'rame provided with rearlegs, extensible bed-bottoni sections .resting on said seatframe, aback-frame pivoted to the legs of the seat-frame and provided below itspivots wit-h downwardly-extending arms, notched segments on theseat-frame and locking detents on the said arms adapted to engage saidnotched segments.

17. A sleeping-car chair embracing a seatframeand a supporting-standard,said seatframe having pivotal and sliding connection with the standardand being provided with front and rear depending standards or leO's.

1S. A sleeping-car chair embracing t ie seat frame and the supportingstandard therefor, said seat-frame having pivotal and sliding engagementwith the standard per mitting the frame to be adjusted forwardly andrearwardly on the standard, and coacting locking means on the seat-frameand standard adapted to lock said seat-frame from sliding movement onthe standard, when the seat-frame is in one position and to permit freesliding movement of the seat-frame on the standard when said frame isturnedv at an angle to its locking position.

19. A sleeping-car chair comprising a seatframe, and asupporting-standard therefor, said seat-frame having a transverse slot,and a circular aperture adjacent to the back of the seat-frame throughwhich said slot opens, and the standard being provided at its upper endwith a flattened spindle adapted to pass through said slot in oneposition of the chair, and to be locked in said circular aperture whenthe chair-traine is turned to vanother position.

20. The combination with a seat-frame and a standard for supporting thesame, of means for mounting the standard on the carfloor, embracing apivotally-inounted disk to which said standard is eccentrically attachedso that the turning of the chair and the standard will effect lateralshifting of the standard relativelyT to the side of the car.

21. A sleeping-car chair comprising a seatframe, a back frame, aVcushion section hinged to the back-frame and adapted to be foldedupwardly against the back-frame and to be swung downwardly into ahorizontal position, and a folding partition section hinged to one sideof the cushion-section, and adapted to be folded between the saidcushion and the chair-back frame, when the cushion-section is foldedupwardly to form the seat-back.

22. A sleeping-car provided with an upperberth section, a swinging framepivoted to the ear-roof at its upper margin and adapted to be swungagainst the adjacent side wall of the car at its lower margin and to bethere secured, said berth-section being pivoted to the lower margin ofthe said supporting-frame and to be folded upwardly within said frame.

23. A sleeping-car provided with an upperberth section and asupporting-frame for said section which is pivoted to the car-roof andto the berth-section, said frame embracing ICO IOS

IIS

two side frame members between which the berth-section is adapted toenter when the parts are folded.

24. The combination with an upper-berth section and a swingingsupporting-frame which is pivoted atvits upper margin to the car-roofand at its lower margin to one margin of the berth-section, and meansfor suppoiting the other margin of the berth-section from the car-roof.

25. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with opposite pairs ofupper-berth sections, one section being pivotally connected at its lowermargin with the side wall of the car, a `swinging supporting-framepivoted to the car-roof at its upper margin and at its lower marginpivoted to the outer margin of the other berth-section, and interlockingconnections between the meeting edges of the two berth-sections.

26. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with opposite pairs ofupper-berth sections, one section being pivotally connected at its lowermargin with the side wall of the car, a swinging supporting-framepivoted to the car-roof at its upper margin, and at its lower marginpivoted to the outer margin of the berth-section, means for supportingthe free edge of the last-naiiied berth-section from the roof of the carand locking means on the meeting margins of said berth-section.

27. The combination with an upper-berth section, and a swingingsupporting-frame therefor, which is pivoted to the car-root at its uppermargin, and at its lower margin to one margin of said berth-section, andsupporting means for the other margin of said berthsection, embracinglinks pivoted to the carroof, and to the sides of theberth-section, andhaving pivotal and sliding connection with each other.

'28. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with opposite pairs ofupper-berth sections, one section being pivotally connected at its lowermargin to the side wall of the car, a swinging supporting-'frame pivotedto the car-roof its upper margin, and at its lower margin pivoted to theouter margin of the other berth-section, locking means on the meetingmargins of said berth-section, embracing hooked lugs adapted forinterlocking engagement when said berth-sections are in their horizontalpositions.

29. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with opposite pairs ofupper-berth sections, one section being pivotally connected at its lowermargin to the side wall of the car, a swinging supporting-trame pivotedto the car-roof at its upper margin, and at its lower margin pivoted tothe outer margin of the other berth-section, locking means on themeeting margins of said berth-section, embracing sliding rods engagingguide-loops on the side margins of the berth-sections.

30. A sleeping-car provided in its upper part with an upper-berthsection, a swinging supporting-frame pivoted to the car-roof at itsupper margin and at its lower margin to the berth-section, and a slidingpartition-section mounted in said supporting-frame and adapted to bedrawn outwardly from the same. 31. A sleeping-car provided in .its upperpart with an upper-berth section, a swinging supporting-frame pivoted atits upper margin to the car-root` and at its lower margin to theberth-section, and a sliding partitionsection in the saidsupporting-frame, said partition-section consisting of two parts havinghinged connection with each other.

32. A sleeping-car provided iii its upper part with anoppositely-arranged pair of upper-berth sections, one section beingpivotally connected at its lower margin with the side wall of the car, aswinging supportingframe pivoted to the car-roof at its upper margin andat its lower margin pivoted to the outer margin of the berth-section andmeans for separating adjacent upper berths Jfrom each other, consistingof a curtain having a roller which is hung between the side vwalls ofthe turret of the car-roof, and a supplemental rigid partition-sectionhinged to one side of the berth-section which is pivoted to the sidewall of the car and adapted to 'lill the space between the latterberth-section and the lateral part of the car-root1 above the same.

33. The combination with a pivotally-supported sleeping-car chair havingparts which are extensible to form part of a lower berth, and aseat-back which 'forms one end of the lower berth, of an upper-berthsection, a swinging supporting-frame pivoted to the car-roof at itsupper end, and at its lower margin pivoted to the outer margin of saidberth-section, and locking means tor uniting the top of the saidchair-back to the bottom margin of the swinging supporting-frame whenthe latter is in its vertical position.

34. A sleeping-car provided with a chair which is pivotally supportedvwith its pivotal aXis adjacent to the center of the seat-back, and isadapted to be swung transverselyT of the car to be used as a seat in thedaytime, and to be placed in position with its seat parallel with theside of the car, and with its back adjacent to the side wall of the carto Jform a side aisle, said chair having parts which are eXtensible toform part of a lower berth, and a hinged seat-back adapted to be placedin a vertical position to form part of a partition between the lowerberth and said aisle, a folding upper-berth section, a hingedsupporting-frame for said upper-berth section pivoted at its uppermargin to the carroof and at its lower margin to the outer margin ofsaid berth-section, said supporting-traine being adapted to hang in avertical position over the said chair-back, and having a back IOO IIO

wall adapted to form a partition between the upper berth and the saidside aisle of the car.

35. In a sleeping-car, the combination with chairs arranged in pairs ato posite sides of the car, the chairs of each pair being adapted to forma berth when faced toward each other, of curtain-rollers mountedvertically on the side wall of the car and lieXible curtains on saidrollers adapted to be drawn from the rollers transversely of the carbetween the berths.

36. In a sleeping-car, the combination with chairs arranged in pairs atopposite sides of the car, the chairs of each pair being pivotallysupported and adapted to form a berth and the chairs at one side of thecar having sliding connection with their pivotal supports so that theymay be shifted inwardly to form a side aisle, and being rovided withvertical backs adapted to orm parts of partitions dividin the berthsfrom said side aisle, curtain-rollers mounted vertically on the sidewall of the car adjacent to which the berths are located,- flexiblecurtains on said rollers, and means for connecting the outer edges ofsaid curtains with the said upright backs of the chairs at the aisleside of the car.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I amysignature,in presence of two witnesses, this 31st day of October,

- DUNCAN S. MCEWIN G. Witnesses:

C. CLARENCE PooLE, G. R. WILKINs.

